viernes, 27 de marzo de 2009

International Commerce Vocabulary List 1

República Bolivariana de Venezuela
Universidad Nacional Experimental Marítima del Caribe
English VII, FG-701 – Prof. Francisco Javier Salinas Bello

  1. Deal
  2. Supply
  3. Supplier
  4. Demand
  5. Success
  6. Train
  7. Trade
  8. Owner
  9. Customer
  10. Custom
  11. Customs
  12. Freight forwarder
  13. Gross/net weight
  14. Insurance
  15. Employee
  16. Employer
  17. Wrong/Right
  18. Attorney/lawyer
  19. Allow
  20. Concern
  21. Entrepreneur
  22. Package
  23. Budget
  24. Task
  25. Job
  26. Job duties
  27. At least
  28. At last
  29. Knowledge
  30. Investment
  31. Assests
  32. Citizen
  33. Tariff
  34. Quote
  35. Invoice
  36. Goal
  37. Seaman
  38. Top down/bottom up
  39. Inventory
  40. Maintenance

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Exercise 3 - Parts of the English Speech


República Bolivariana de Venezuela
Universidad Nacional Experimental Marítima del Caribe
English VII, FG-701 – Prof. Francisco Javier Salinas Bello

Identify the parts of the English speech by underlining with colors.


Prepositions: blue
Conjunctions: orange
Pronouns: purple
(possessive, demonstrative, interrogative, relative, indefinitive, reflexive)
Phrasal verbs: green
Modal verbs: brown


  1. The smallest gift is mine. U.S. business people give out many promotional items, which are not gift-wrapped. Formal gift-giving among U.S. executives is usually limited to Christmas/Hannukah and commemorative events. Some U.S. executives who deal with foreigners have learned to give gifts on other occasions. Gadgets are popular, and gifts may display a corporate logo. Gifts are opened immediately.
  2. This is yours. Ours is the green bottle on the corner. Invocations over drinks are customary wherever alcohol is consumed. The English word for this custom, "toasting," derived from the tradition of dipping a piece of scorched bread into a tankard of beer or wine, to improve the taste of the drink. Different countries offer some interesting variations on toasting habits.
  3. This must not continue. It is undeniable that garments form a large part of people's first impressions. In much of the world, a person dressed inappropriately will not be taken seriously, especially in a business situation.
  4. Who will meet the delegates at the airport? Starting out on the right foot in a business speech is crucial. But when cultural differences come into play, this can be a real challenge.
  5. Whom do you think should be invited? To make an appointment, an introduction is usually required. This can come from a person known to both parties, a trade organization, or a professional "go-between" (sometimes called an "enchufado"). But family is always important in Latin America, so an introduction by a businessperson's relative is often the best way.
  6. You may invite whomever you like to dinner. For a business traveler, sharing a meal with an international client is a necessary part of establishing a relationship. And just as each culture has its own cuisine, it has its own dining etiquette. If you want to create a good impression when dining abroad, here are some tips.
  7. The office had been searched and everything was thrown onto the floor. At the start of a new year, many of us assess our physical, emotional and professional states. If your goals include a new international job, get ready by testing your knowledge of some of the differences in interviewing around the world. Good luck!
  8. Richard usually remembers to send a copy of his e-mail to himself. You should find a knowledgeable, in-country attorney who can ensure that your contracts are prepared with all the clauses required by their legal systems.
  9. The CEO himself said that he would lower the prices. Most of us think we know a "Yes" from a "No." But if you’re crossing some multi-lingual lines, even basic communications can take a wrong turn.
  10. Unfortunately, the bank closed at three today. What happens when one culture’s method of selling and negotiating is applied to different international business and social situations?

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Exercise 2 - Parts of the English Speech

República Bolivariana de Venezuela
Universidad Nacional Experimental Marítima del Caribe
English VII, FG-701 – Prof. Francisco Javier Salinas Bello

Identify the parts of the English speech underlining with colors. Circle verb tenses.

Nouns: blue (proper, common, countable, uncountable)
Articles: orange (definitive and indefinitive)
Personal Pronouns: red
Object Pronouns:pink
Adjectives: green
(Possessive, Demonstrative, Comparative, Superlative, Interrogative, Indefintive)
Adverbs: purple
Circle Verbs tenses



  1. When she was a young woman, she earned her living as a coal miner.
    Employers across Venezuela have become significantly more concerned over the levels of sickness absence in their workforce. Paradoxically, this concern has grown during a period when the headline rate of sickness absence in the Venezuela economy has been declining. Today, the average Venezuelan employee has just over seven days off work through sickness absence each year. This equates to about 3.5% of all available working days being lost to absence, at an estimated cost to the economy of over US$11 billion. Despite recent evidence of a slight increase in absence rates – the first rise in six years – the overall picture has remained stable, at least on the surface.
  2. After reading the pamphlet, Judy threw it into the garbage can.

    The term ‘knowledge economy’ is often used but seldom defined. Essentially, it refers to a transformed economy where investment in ‘knowledge based’ assets such as R&D, design, software, and human and organizational capital has become the dominant form of investment compared with investment in physical assets – machines, equipment, buildings and vehicles. Thus, the term ‘knowledge economy’ captures the subsequently changed industrial structure, ways of working, and the basis on which organizations compete and excel.

  3. The truck-shaped container was taken over the bridge to Mac Donald's warehouse.

    Attitudes about punctuality vary from country to country. What is important, however, are subjective attitudes toward time. The question isn't "Aren't 90 seconds the same everywhere?" but rather "Are attitudes toward those 90 seconds the same?" And the answer is an emphatic no. Perceptions of time vary widely in different cultures.

  4. What's your phone number?

    Preparing for the worst may be the best thing you do for yourself, your employees, and your company's bottom line.

  5. When the ship came to that port, the workers went on strike.

    To be accepted around the world, a company must be a good corporate citizen. Doing business overseas have become very important. But not everyone sees the benefits of world trade. Disaffected people in many nations see the price of globalization as too high. Violent protests over the influence of multinationals have become routine ever since the 1999 World Trade Organization meeting in Seattle. How can your company deal with opponents of globalization?

  6. Which high tech plants will be built in that industrial park?

    Whether you have one job or a hundred, we can work out the best option for you. Post a job and get applications direct to your inbox. That's why the team put together an enhanced package of options at a price that was compatible with our budget, and managed to do so very quickly.

  7. Tell me again. Which invoice was paid last month?

    Negotiation is one of the most vital skills any entrepreneur can have. It’s not just in sales meetings, but in every-day situations where you’ll be using negotiating skills – for example negotiating with staff over time off, or department budgets, or suppliers who want to hike prices and so on. But most of all, you’ll need those negotiation skills in securing a deal.

  8. Many people believe that corporations are under-taxed.

    Mr. Anatoly is convinced that successful, socially motivated enterprises like Fifteen, which for the past seven years has been giving disadvantaged young people the chance to work and train in the restaurant business, can restore people’s belief in commerce.

  9. The boldly spoken words would return to haunt the rebel.

    Winning clients is one thing, but keeping them requires effort. If you're a small business owner with fewer clients than your larger counterparts, exemplary customer service can often give you the edge by allowing you to be more responsive to their needs or offer a personal touch.

  10. We urged him to dial the number more expeditiously.

    Effective internal communication is essential for the smooth running of your business, both to convey your company culture and values and to stay on top of employee concerns. However, it needs to come from the top down and the bottom up.

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jueves, 26 de marzo de 2009

Exercise 1 - Spelling Definitions

República Bolivariana de Venezuela
Universidad Nacional Experimental Marítima del Caribe
English VII, FG-701 – Prof. Francisco Javier Salinas Bello


Match the vocabulary words on the left with the definitions on the right. Use the numbers.

1. Bill .......... one who buys goods or services; shopper

2. Office .......... the handing over or surrender of something

3. Price ......... a subdivision of a larger organization or system

4. Purchase .......... exempt from a tax

5. Order ......... someone who works for a person or business in return for wages

6. Sales ........ a numerical value or amount

7. Department ....... a document with empty spaces provided for the insertion of information

8. Manager ........ a communication of information by various means.

9. Export ........ a place where business transactions are conducted

10. Import ......... involved in, or related to selling

11. Employee ........ one who directs, controls, or administers a business

12. Colleague ..... a request to produce or deliver goods

13. Duty-free ..... to bring in from a foreign country

14. Sales ..... a written statement listing items or services and their cost; invoice

15. Figures ..... the sum of money required in exchange for an item or service; cost.

16. Bill ..... the practice of sending goods abroad for sale or trade

17. Manufacture ..... to obtain by exchanging money for; buy

17. Succeed ...... a small retail store

18. CEO ....... to deduct (an amount or percentage) from a cost or price

19. Customer .......... someone who shares the same profession, work, or employer

20. Discount ........ Chief Executive Officer

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lunes, 23 de marzo de 2009

Merchant Marines

República Bolivariana de Venezuela
Universidad Nacional Experimental Marítima del Caribe
English VII, FG-701 – Prof. Francisco Javier Salinas Bello

Below you’ll find descriptions of the workboats jobs available almost everywhere in the world, as classified by the Military Sealift Command. These titles are used by the merchant marines.

Ordinary Seaman

If you’re just staring out on the maritime industry, this is the bottom rung on the ladder. In families long in boating tradition, children usually start in this job and work their way up to becoming the owner of the ship. Job duties include guarding the ship while in port, doing routine maintenance both at port and while at sea, and generally taking commands from everyone else in the ship! As an ordinary seaman, you’ll find yourself doing tasks like painting and mopping while you learn the ins and outs of running the ship.
Able Bodied Seaman
This job doesn’t imply that you are in the best physical condition to handle the job (although you do have to be in shape!). The term “able bodied” simply means that you’re a step above “ordinary.” In this job, you’ll have additional duties, like taking care of the items in the cargo hold and helping with deck operations. You’ll also be doing many of the same tasks as the ordinary seamen on board.
Junior Engineer
Usually unlicensed, the junior engineer is to the control of the ship what the ordinary seaman is to the maintenance of the ship. Another low man on the totem pole, this job requires a person to assist the licensed engineers in controlling the operating room.
Engine Utilityman
Also under the command of the licensed engineers, the engine utilitymen are in charge of repair and maintenance of the ship’s machinery, handling equipment, and control panels.
Licensed Engineers
There are a variety of types of engineers that can help to run a ship, but in general, they take care of the control room or operating room, fabricate needed pieces when machinery breaks, control the electronics, maintain the ship’s refrigeration systems, and take orders from the ships’ owner or captain.
Chief Steward and Utilitymen
This team is responsible for helping the crew live on the ship. On a smaller ship, these duties may all be carried out be a single person, and on a larger ship, a number of people might be involved in these tasks, which include cooking a handling the meals, maintaining the passageways and cleaning living quarters, and taking inventory of the ship’s supplies.

Maritime work

República Bolivariana de Venezuela
Universidad Nacional Experimental Marítima del Caribe
English VII, FG-801 – Prof. Francisco Javier Salinas Bello

Work in the maritime industry can, at times, be dangerous. When you're traveling on the open seas, there is always that chance of an emergency leaving your stranded in the middle of the ocean or a storm sinking your ship.

Maritime jobs also require days, weeks, or even months in some cases, away from family and friends. Why, then, would anyone consider working in this industry? There are a number of benefits.
Salary

First a foremost, the benefit to any job is its salary. Maritime jobs typically pay extremely well, partly because of the time spent doing these jobs, partly because of the dangers and hard work, and partly because of the skills needed. Here are just a few examples of salary ranges:

Deckhand Trainee: $27,000-$32,000 per year
Able bodied seaman: $30,000-40,000
Chief Cook: $25,000-47,500
3rd Assistant Engineer: $45,000-55,000
Third Mate: $55,000-70,000
Senior positions bring in even more money! As a chief mate, you can expect an annual salary of about $80,000-125,000, and if you're the captain, you can expect a six-figure salary, possibly as high as $185,000.
Note: Salaries vary significantly depending on the employer. University and government or military jobs may pay less than similar jobs in the private sector -- but with better benefits.
Remember, when you're out on a ship, you'll have to pitch in to help whenever needed, which means that you'll get large amounts in overtime pay. Note that along with these average salaries, those working in the maritime industry get a lot more vacation time than those in other industries - about 2 weeks for every month of work!

Chronogram March-July 2009

República Bolivariana de Venezuela
Universidad Nacional Experimental Marítima del Caribe
English VII, FG-801 – Prof. Francisco Javier Salinas Bello
WEEK -- DATE -- UNIT ----------------------- EVALUATION ------ %
Term 1
1 March 23-27 - Ecoturism - maritime work
2 March 30-April 03 - Recycling - maritime reprocess
3 April 13-17 - Environmental hazards - maritime accidents - Written I - 10%
4 April 20-24 - Solving problems
- maritime simulation
5 April 27-May 01 - Making decisions - maritime viewpoints -
Oral presentation I - 15%
6 May 04-08 - Journey description - maritime life description
7 May 11-15 - Friendship - maritime fellowhip -
Written II - 10%
8 May 18-22 - Jobsworth-maritime job skills - Conversation I - 10+5%
Term 2
9 May 25-29 - Work experience - maritime itinerary & dress code - Written I - 10%
10 June 01-05 - Holding a meeting - maritime opinions
11 June 08-12 - Job satisfaction - maritime job application -
Oral presentation II - 15%
12 June 15-19 - Body language - maritime speech
13 June 22-26 - Brand names - maritime companies
14 June 29-July 03 - Messages - maritime codes - Written II - 10%
15 July 06-10 - Managing situations - maritime cultures -
Conversation II - 10+5%
16 July - Handing in marks
Note 5% evaluation criterial
I Responsibility II Homework III Punctuality IV Attendence V Participation
GRAMMAR CONTENT
  • Parts of the English Discourse & Tenses
  • Articles and nouns
  • Rethorical, Contrasting, Quantity and Emphatic expressions
  • Reporting structures (Advice , Suggestions, Recommendations & Orders)
  • Modal verbs
  • Prepositions
  • Conditionals
  • Adjectives and Adverbs (Intensifiers, Adverbial phrases)
  • Gerunds & Infinitives
  • Phrasal verbs

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